accessibility of a good increases its value
An scholarly article in a leading economics journal recently considered “the problem of a restaurateur who has to decide whether to provide customers with a written menu, a picture-based menu, or a desert tray.” Scientific experiments provide relevant evidence. Laboratory tests indicate that a picture of an item does not prompt a higher valuation for [...]
Tagged: biology
balances in stress responses
In her interesting book, The Balance Within: The Science Connecting Health and Emotions, Esther Sternberg describes how the brain’s hormonal stress response balances susceptibility to inflammatory and infectious diseases. Stress stimulates hormones that repress immune cell functions that cause inflammation. Hence a rat strain that reacts more to stress is less susceptible to a common [...]
Tagged: biology
presence doesn't require personalized narrative
A person known as K.C. has contributed significantly to understanding narrative and sense of presence of another. In 1981, at age 30, K.C. received a major head injury in a motorcycle accident. Despite his injury, K.C. retained normal human adult language skills. He also retained common knowledge about the world and knowledge about causal relations [...]
Tagged: biology
losing theories of mind
Theory of mind backgrounds agents’ embodiment and social and ecological circumstances. That hinders truly understanding social behavior.
Tagged: biology
multisensory processing
Multisensory processing in primates, like information processing on the Internet, is extensively decentralized. A recent neuroscience review article declared: The pervasiveness of multisensory influences on all levels of cortical processing compels us to reconsider thinking about neural processing in unisensory terms. Indeed, the multisensory nature of most, possibly all, of the neocortex forces us to [...]
Tagged: biology
economics of social attention
Persons like to look at photographs of pretty girls and pretty boys. Taking objectification to a higher level, rigorous experimental testing (using photographs from Hot or Not, re-rated in a controlled laboratory procedure) has established that subjects discount the value of looking across time and trade money and work for viewing opportunities. These behavioral patterns [...]
Tagged: biology
sensory economics: cheaper is better
Experimental studies indicate that persons rate images that they process more fluently as more aesthetically pleasing: We propose that aesthetic pleasure is a function of the perceiver’s processing dynamics: The more fluently perceivers can process an object, the more positive their aesthetic response. We review variables known to influence aesthetic judgments, such as figural goodness, [...]
Tagged: biology
more empirical evidence on making sense
Brain effects are communicative goods. A recent study found common effects among reading and seeing actions: Participants observed actions and read phrases relating to foot, hand, or mouth actions. In the premotor cortex of the left hemisphere, a clear congruence was found between effector-specific activations of visually presented actions and of actions described by literal [...]
Tagged: biology
sensory ecology
The PicturePhone was a spectacular failure in the U.S. in the early 1970s. Many factors contributed to the PicturePhone’s flop. It required significant up-front equipment expenditure coordinated across users. It was expensive to use. It was bulky. It highly constrained the bodily position of users: compared to the PicturePhone, the fixed line phone of that [...]
Tagged: biology